163 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
163 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
# node-pty
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[](https://dev.azure.com/vscode/node-pty/_build/latest?definitionId=11)
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`forkpty(3)` bindings for node.js. This allows you to fork processes with pseudoterminal file descriptors. It returns a terminal object which allows reads and writes.
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This is useful for:
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- Writing a terminal emulator (eg. via [xterm.js](https://github.com/sourcelair/xterm.js)).
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- Getting certain programs to *think* you're a terminal, such as when you need a program to send you control sequences.
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`node-pty` supports Linux, macOS and Windows. Windows support is possible by utilizing the [Windows conpty API](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2018/08/02/windows-command-line-introducing-the-windows-pseudo-console-conpty/) on Windows 1809+ and the [winpty](https://github.com/rprichard/winpty) library in older version.
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## API
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The full API for node-pty is contained within the [TypeScript declaration file](https://github.com/microsoft/node-pty/blob/master/typings/node-pty.d.ts), use the branch/tag picker in GitHub (`w`) to navigate to the correct version of the API.
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## Example Usage
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```js
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var os = require('os');
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var pty = require('node-pty');
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var shell = os.platform() === 'win32' ? 'powershell.exe' : 'bash';
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var ptyProcess = pty.spawn(shell, [], {
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name: 'xterm-color',
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cols: 80,
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rows: 30,
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cwd: process.env.HOME,
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env: process.env
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});
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ptyProcess.on('data', function(data) {
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process.stdout.write(data);
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});
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ptyProcess.write('ls\r');
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ptyProcess.resize(100, 40);
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ptyProcess.write('ls\r');
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```
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## Real-world Uses
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`node-pty` powers many different terminal emulators, including:
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- [Microsoft Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com)
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- [Hyper](https://hyper.is/)
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- [Upterm](https://github.com/railsware/upterm)
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- [Script Runner](https://github.com/ioquatix/script-runner) for Atom.
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- [Theia](https://github.com/theia-ide/theia)
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- [FreeMAN](https://github.com/matthew-matvei/freeman) file manager
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- [terminus](https://atom.io/packages/terminus) - An Atom plugin for providing terminals inside your Atom workspace.
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- [x-terminal](https://atom.io/packages/x-terminal) - Also an Atom plugin that provides terminals inside your Atom workspace.
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- [Termination](https://atom.io/packages/termination) - Also an Atom plugin that provides terminals inside your Atom workspace.
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- [atom-xterm](https://atom.io/packages/atom-xterm) - Also an Atom plugin that provides terminals inside your Atom workspace.
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- [electerm](https://github.com/electerm/electerm) Terminal/SSH/SFTP client(Linux, macOS, Windows).
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- [Extraterm](http://extraterm.org/)
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- [Wetty](https://github.com/krishnasrinivas/wetty) Browser based Terminal over HTTP and HTTPS
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- [nomad](https://github.com/lukebarnard1/nomad-term)
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- [DockerStacks](https://github.com/sfx101/docker-stacks) Local LAMP/LEMP stack using Docker
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- [TeleType](https://github.com/akshaykmr/TeleType): cli tool that allows you to share your terminal online conveniently. Show off mad cli-fu, help a colleague, teach, or troubleshoot.
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- [mesos-term](https://github.com/criteo/mesos-term): A web terminal for Apache Mesos. It allows to execute commands within containers.
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- [Commas](https://github.com/CyanSalt/commas): A hackable terminal and command runner.
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- [ENiGMA½ BBS Software](https://github.com/NuSkooler/enigma-bbs): A modern BBS software with a nostalgic flair!
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Do you use node-pty in your application as well? Please open a [Pull Request](https://github.com/Tyriar/node-pty/pulls) to include it here. We would love to have it in our list.
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## Building
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```bash
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# Install dependencies and build C++
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npm install
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# Compile TypeScript -> JavaScript
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npm run build
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```
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## Dependencies
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### Linux/Ubuntu
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```
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sudo apt install -y make python build-essential
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```
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The following are also needed:
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- Node.JS 10+
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### macOS
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Xcode is needed to compile the sources, this can be installed from the App Store.
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### Windows
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`npm install` requires some tools to be present in the system like Python and C++ compiler. Windows users can easily install them by running the following command in PowerShell as administrator. For more information see https://github.com/felixrieseberg/windows-build-tools:
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```sh
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npm install --global --production windows-build-tools
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```
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The following are also needed:
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- [Windows SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk) - only the "Desktop C++ Apps" components are needed to be installed
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- Node.JS 10+
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## Debugging
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[The wiki](https://github.com/Microsoft/node-pty/wiki/Debugging) contains instructions for debugging node-pty.
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## Security
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All processes launched from node-pty will launch at the same permission level of the parent process. Take care particularly when using node-pty inside a server that's accessible on the internet. We recommend launching the pty inside a container to protect your host machine.
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## Thread Safety
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Note that node-pty is not thread safe so running it across multiple worker threads in node.js could cause issues.
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## Flow Control
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Automatic flow control can be enabled by either providing `handleFlowControl = true` in the constructor options or setting it later on:
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```js
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const PAUSE = '\x13'; // XOFF
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const RESUME = '\x11'; // XON
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const ptyProcess = pty.spawn(shell, [], {handleFlowControl: true});
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// flow control in action
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ptyProcess.write(PAUSE); // pty will block and pause the child program
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...
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ptyProcess.write(RESUME); // pty will enter flow mode and resume the child program
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// temporarily disable/re-enable flow control
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ptyProcess.handleFlowControl = false;
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...
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ptyProcess.handleFlowControl = true;
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```
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By default `PAUSE` and `RESUME` are XON/XOFF control codes (as shown above). To avoid conflicts in environments that use these control codes for different purposes the messages can be customized as `flowControlPause: string` and `flowControlResume: string` in the constructor options. `PAUSE` and `RESUME` are not passed to the underlying pseudoterminal if flow control is enabled.
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## Troubleshooting
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### Powershell gives error 8009001d
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> Internal Windows PowerShell error. Loading managed Windows PowerShell failed with error 8009001d.
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This happens when PowerShell is launched with no `SystemRoot` environment variable present.
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### ConnectNamedPipe failed: Windows error 232
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This error can occur due to anti-virus software intercepting winpty from creating a pty. To workaround this you can exclude this file from your anti-virus scanning `node-pty\build\Release\winpty-agent.exe`
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## pty.js
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This project is forked from [chjj/pty.js](https://github.com/chjj/pty.js) with the primary goals being to provide better support for later Node.JS versions and Windows.
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## License
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Copyright (c) 2012-2015, Christopher Jeffrey (MIT License).<br>
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Copyright (c) 2016, Daniel Imms (MIT License).<br>
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Copyright (c) 2018, Microsoft Corporation (MIT License).
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